2008/05/04
元豐五年（1082）的寒食節，蘇軾寫下滿紙淒涼的〈寒食雨二首〉，此為蘇軾謫居黃州的第三年，詩文反映當時的生活景況：春寒雨苦，疾病纏身，屋空竈冷，貧困不堪，簡直到了欲哭無門的境地。
At Hanshi Day in Yuanfeng fifth year in 1082, Su Shi wrote two poems named “Rain at Hanshi Day” with whole sorrow, when it was also the third year he got banished from the imperial court to Huangzhou. These two pieces reflected how he lived at that hardship: cold sprain with biter rain, illness with solitude, and poverty with hunger.
第一首中詩人藉由海棠寫身世之感，通過詩意的鍛鍊，把思想情感形象化，加強感人的力量。
In the first poem, poet materialized his spiritual and emotion of the sense of life by the writing of Chinese flowering crab-apple, and strengthened the attraction through the improvement of techniques.
第二首通過寒食節的雨寫窘迫的生活，深刻描繪詩人進退失據的處境，強烈表達詩人現實與理想間的矛盾衝突。
The second one expressed strongly the contradiction between reality and ideal, in which the poem illustrated what he had been in the dilemma through the imagery in the raining day.
藝術特徵上，〈寒食雨二首〉分別以入聲韻與上聲韻傳達詩人苦悶心境，通篇扣緊寒食節的主題，章法結構緊密，虛實相間，作者以「空庖」、「寒菜」、「破竈」、「濕葦」摹寫窘迫的物質生活，「烏銜紙」、「墳墓」、「死灰」等死亡意象渲染悽愴悲涼的基調。
When it comes to the artistic characteristic, these two poems use specific tonal end-rhyme of “ru sheng” and “shang sheng” to carry poet’s depressed mental state. All lines catch the theme of the convention in Hanshi Day with tight structure and half-fiction. The terms of “kongpao”(空庖), “hancai”(寒菜), “pozao”(破竈), and “shiwei”(濕葦) are stood for the empty of material life, whereas those of “woxian zhi”(烏銜紙), “fenmu”(墳墓), and “sihui”(死灰) are the dead imagery which broaden the feeling of desolate.
〈寒食雨二首〉除展現宋代寒食的節令風俗外，更以寒食節獨特的文化意象和人文精神，與詩人的身世遭遇緊密結合，反映蘇軾謫居黃州的心理狀態。
The to poems of “Hanshi Rain” not only show the culture of a season in Sung Dynasty, but also reflect Su Shi’s mental statement in Huangzhou by the special cultural imagery in Hanshi Day which has highly connection to poet’s life and experiences.
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Keywords: Huangzhou(黃州), Rain at Hanshi Day(寒食雨), Su Shi(蘇軾), The culture of a season(節令風俗)
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